Tips Archives - Page 4 of 4 - Caresify Home Care UK

22Apr, 2022

Proper Oral Hygiene for Seniors

Caring for your teeth and oral health is hopefully a healthy habit you’ve had your whole life. But it’s even more important as you age! For adults 65 years and older, oral health can suffer because of several common issues. Difficulty with arthritis, coordination problems (such as occurs after a stroke), and dementia can all make dental hygiene more challenging.

In addition, dry mouth is common over the age of 65– as many as 30% of adults in this age group report it.1

All of these factors can lead to problems like cavities and gum disease. In this article, we’ll take a look at tips and tricks to improve your dental hygiene and reduce the risk of oral health problems.

The Basics: Brushing & Flossing

Brushing and flossing is a must to keep your teeth free of tartar. This hard buildup of filmy bacteria, or plaque, on your teeth leads to poor oral health. The American Dental Association recommends brushing all surfaces of your teeth twice daily for at least two minutes using fluoride toothpaste, and flossing daily. 2

Use a soft toothbrush to make small back and forth motions up to the gumline to brush. Pay special attention to the inside of your front teeth, with vertical brushing motions. If your toothbrush is damaged or frayed, replace it. Toothbrushes should routinely be replaced every 3-4 months. 3

For older adults, osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis can make gripping a toothbrush difficult. There are some tricks you can use to make holding a toothbrush easier:

Use an electric toothbrush with a larger handle
Buy an adaptive grip, such as a foam grip, that slides over the toothbrush handle
Slide your toothbrush handle into a bicycle handlebar grip
If flossing is difficult, use flossing picks or ask your dentist about a special brush that can be used instead

After the age of 75, as many as 50% of seniors suffer from dental root cavities.4 This is partly because dry mouth and receding gums can expose tooth roots, but keeping your teeth and gums healthy by brushing and flossing avoids cavities and gingivitis (gum inflammation), too.

Reducing Dry Mouth

It’s also important to address symptoms of dry mouth (called xerostomia). This often happens as a side effect of medications. There are some ways you can improve this if it is a problem for you: 5

Chew sugar-free gum
Avoid tobacco use
Drink plenty of water (but not more than recommended by your doctor!)
Use an over-the-counter saliva substitute
Use a humidifier in the room where you sleep
Avoid over-the-counter antihistamines and decongestants
Use a mouthwash designed for dry mouth, instead of one containing alcohol, which can dry your mouth more
Limit your caffeine intake
Breathe through your nose, not your mouth

Dental Care Tips for Seniors With Dementia

If you are caring for a loved one with dementia, dental care can sometimes be a challenge. They may need extra reminders to brush and floss, or they may be unable to do these tasks without help. If memory and cognition are affecting dental hygiene, these are some tips you can follow:

Give step-by-step instructions- if the person is still able to brush their own teeth, they may get confused and need prompts. Just reminding them to brush might not be enough. Talking someone through holding the brush, adding toothpaste, and then brushing can help.

Offer hands-on help- you may have to gently hold someone’s hand while they brush, or brush their teeth yourself. If they’re resistant, you can try distracting them with another item to hold, or you may have to wait and try again later. Brushing while both of you are seated may be easier.

Try different toothbrushes- an electric toothbrush can make cleaning easier, or it may be more confusing for someone with dementia. For hard-to-reach areas, a more angled brush may work better.

Look for symptoms of problems- someone with cognitive trouble may not be aware of issues in their mouth, or be able to tell someone. Any red or bleeding gums, loose teeth, sores in the mouth, or signs of pain when eating or brushing, such as grimacing or pulling away, should be checked out by a dentist.

How to Care for Dentures

If you’re an older adult who uses dentures, don’t forget these require care just like teeth do! Each day, be sure you are following these tips:

Brush your dentures daily using a non-abrasive denture cleaner (never toothpaste, which can damage dentures)
Soak your dentures overnight in a denture-soaking solution (be sure you rinse them before you put them back in your mouth!)
Brush your gums, tongue, and the roof of your mouth with a soft toothbrush every day
Rinse dentures after eating, taking care not to drop them on a hard surface. Some people put a towel or washcloth down in the sink first.
See your dentist right away if you notice your dentures are not fitting right or causing discomfort

Report Concerns to Your Doctor or Dentist

If you notice any changes or problems with your mouth or teeth, it’s important to talk to a professional as soon as possible. Untreated dental problems can cause loss of teeth and difficulty eating, or even lead to an infection. And as we age, the risk of oral cancers increases. If you notice any of the following concerns, get them checked out:

Trouble chewing or swallowing
Pain in the mouth or teeth that won’t go away
Loose teeth or dentures
A sore anywhere in your mouth or on your lip that doesn’t heal
Numbness or tingling in or near your mouth
Bleeding gums
White or red patches in your mouth
Areas in the mouth that feel lumpy or thickened
Jaw swelling or pain
Bad breath or a bad taste in your mouth that won’t go away

A Few More Tips for Good Dental Hygiene

Even the best care at home isn’t a replacement for regular trips to the dentist. The standard recommendation is to see a dentist every six months, but some people may require more frequent care. Talk to your dentist about the best way to manage your specific situation.

If it has become hard to manage your dental care on your own, it can feel embarrassing to ask for help. You are not alone- oral hygiene is difficult for many seniors. A little extra help is sometimes necessary to keep your teeth and mouth healthy! For older adults who need extra dental hygiene help for any reason, including weakness, difficulty with coordination, or due to dementia, a home care service can assist with daily dental hygiene in addition to other self-care tasks. For more information, you can visit Caresify’s homepage, or call 888-799-5007.

References

12Apr, 2022

Safety at Home: Tips for Seniors and Caregivers

As we age, sometimes the one place we have always found safety and refuge– home– starts to feel a little scary. Maybe you’re worried about falling, and common activities like climbing stairs and showering have become intimidating. Maybe being alone with limited mobility, or having difficulty with daily tasks, is a constant reminder of how far away help would be if needed in an emergency.

No matter what your situation is, if you are an older adult, and especially if you live alone, you can have many valid safety concerns. By making some adjustments at home, and improving the safety of your living environment, you can begin to feel comfortable again and worry less about unsafe situations.

Common Safety Hazards

There are many safety challenges that you can encounter in your home as an older adult. A recent report by the US Consumer Product Safety Commission highlights these risks: each year, adults age 65 and older make up 71% of deaths related to products used in the home.1 We’ll discuss common safety concerns here, and give practical tips on how to make everyday living at home safer. Some of these concerns include:

Risk of falling
Medication mistakes, mix-ups, and overdoses
Fires, burns, and safe oxygen use
Memory loss

A good place to start with basic home safety is to ask your healthcare provider about a home safety evaluation. These are conducted in your home by a physical therapist (PT) and/or occupational therapist (OT) and may be covered by your insurance. They will look around your home for common hazards you may not even be aware of and make suggestions to correct them. Some of these can be related to specific health problems you may be having, and these trained specialists know how to spot safety risks that are individual to your situation.

What Kind of Safety Risks are Around the House?

So what safety risks might a home safety evaluation identify? There are several key issues you might recognize in your own home:

Fall Risks

Falling is a very common problem for older adults. In the US, 1 in 4 adults over the age of 65 reports falling each year. 2 To reduce your risk around the home, it’s important to remove clutter and limit crowded spaces. Removing some furniture to create a clear path can help. Pick up any loose throw rugs. Installing grab bars in the bathroom near the toilet and tub or shower can reduce slipping on wet surfaces. Ensure all areas have good lighting.

Finally, wearing well-fitting non-slip shoes, using any assistive devices like a cane or walker at all times to get around the house, and following any exercise or physical therapy programs recommended by your doctor can help improve balance and mobility.

Fire and Burns

Because reflexes may be slower with age, and forgetfulness can mean things like stoves being accidentally left on, the risk of fires and burns can increase for seniors. In fact, older adults are 3.5 times more likely to die as a result of fire than the rest of the population.3

It’s important to make sure your home has working smoke and carbon monoxide detectors on every level. Heat sources such as space heaters and open flames should be kept at a safe distance from other objects. These items and stoves should never be left unattended. To help with this, especially where forgetfulness is an additional concern, there are auto safety shutoff devices and outlet adapters that can be purchased.

Avoid wearing loose-fitting clothes or long sleeves while cooking, and smoking in bed- two activities that can cause serious burns or worse.

If you do have a fire in your home, leave immediately and call 911 from a safe location, such as a neighbor’s. Don’t try to put it out on your own.

Oxygen Safety

Along with the above fire safety tips, it is especially important to take extra precautions if you use oxygen at home. Oxygen can feed a fire and cause it to burn quickly and out of control.

Because of this, it is important to keep heat sources and anything that is an open flame or can cause sparks away from home oxygen. Anything that fits in those categories should be at least 5 feet away. 4 This includes cigarettes, matches, candles, and the pilot light and flames on a gas stove. Don’t smoke, and don’t allow others to smoke, in areas where oxygen is in use. “No Smoking” signs are a great reminder.

Never use oil or petroleum-based products on your skin or near oxygen equipment because they are flammable. Use water-based products instead.

Any unused oxygen tanks should be stored upright in a cool dry place away from heat sources.

Medication Hazards

Medications can be another source of safety issues for older adults. Errors in dosing and medication mix-ups can cause serious problems. This includes taking too little medication as well as too much, and taking the wrong medication.

To avoid these mistakes, there are some steps you can take. Never reuse pill bottles- all medications should be properly labeled in their correct containers until you’re ready to use them. For daily dosing, a pill organizer can be helpful. By having each week’s doses set up this way, you can avoid accidentally double-dosing because it is easy to see what has been taken already. Some pharmacies also offer this as a service where medications are individually packaged for use and pre-labeled with dates.

If remembering to take your medication is a problem, there are different strategies you can try. Some people find having their medications visible somewhere they have another routine established helps. For example, If you never fail to brush your teeth before bed, having your medications next to your toothbrush serves as a cue.

For others, an alarm works well. This can be set on your phone, or by using a pill keeper that alarms until a dose is taken. Or, if you use a digital assistant, you can ask for a voice reminder at a certain time.

Always keep a current medication list from your doctor handy. This is helpful to review at appointments to make sure you are taking the right doses and to take with you if you ever need to go to the emergency room. Finally, always using the same pharmacy can cut down on errors and duplicate prescriptions.

Memory Loss and Dementia

With aging, sometimes memory loss including dementia can contribute to all of the above risks. In addition, wandering and getting lost outside of the home can be a scary prospect. Enlisting the help of paid caregivers through a home care agency can provide additional support to prevent unsafe behaviors. When appropriate, cameras in the home can alert family and caregivers to problems. Door and window alarms can also help prevent wandering.

Knowing Your Limits is Part of Home Safety

As you can see, there are many things to consider when it comes to home safety. Eliminating fall risks, fire hazards, and medication errors are important steps to take to make your home a safer place.

When you are considering these safety risks, it’s also important to take inventory of your limitations. No one wants to feel like they are losing their independence. But if you are struggling with mobility issues or memory loss, your risk of injury is higher even with home safety measures in place.

At times, having additional help with daily tasks, hygiene, medication reminders, and mobility can prevent injuries from happening. If you’re ready to take the next step to connect with an expert in-home caregiver who can help, you can visit the Caresify homepage for more information or call 888-799-5007.

References

4Apr, 2022

How You Can Spot Depression- and What to Do About It

Depression is a common concern across all age groups, and since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, has increased. According to a study from the Boston University School of Public Health, it now affects 1 in every 3 adults in the US.1

For adults aged 65 and older, the rates of depression since the start of the pandemic are around 24%.2 However, this age group also often avoids disclosing depression symptoms. 3

Because depression can cause many other health problems and even lead to suicide, it’s important to openly talk about this mental health concern. It’s also important that you know how to spot it- in yourself, and others.

And identifying it is only the first step. What can you do to help? Thanks to better mental health awareness and advancements in treatment, there are effective ways to improve depression and lead a happier, healthier life. We’ll discuss some strategies here.

The Basics: What Is Depression?

To understand depression, it is helpful to know what depression is not. Depression is not just feeling a little sad, or having a case of the “blues.” It’s also not something that a person can just think their way out of or cure by “focusing on positives.” And it’s not grief, such as what a person might experience after losing a loved one.

Depression is a medical condition that causes feelings of sadness and even physical illness. It affects self-esteem and motivation and causes a loss of interest in activities that were once enjoyable. For a person to receive a diagnosis, the symptoms must last longer than 2 weeks, and there can’t be another medical problem causing the symptoms.

Some Symptoms of Depression

When your doctor, nurse, or mental health professional screens for depression, there are several symptoms they look for. These can range from mild to severe:

Having little pleasure or interest in doing things
Feeling down, depressed, or hopeless
Sleeping too much, or too little
Feeling tired or having little energy
Having either a poor appetite or overeating
Feeling bad about yourself- for example, worthless or guilty
Having trouble concentrating or thinking
Moving or speaking so slowly others notice- or the opposite: being fidgety and restless
Thoughts of suicide or death

What Are Some Causes of Depression?

There are a few reasons someone can develop depression. These include problems with certain brain chemicals that affect mood and thinking, and whether depression runs in the person’s family. It can also be influenced by the environment- abuse, neglect, and poverty, for example, can trigger depression.

In older people, depression is not a normal part of the aging process. Some of the health problems that are more common with aging can lead to depression, however. Stroke is known to increase the risk of depression developing. Heart disease has also been linked to depression. Brain conditions like Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s can also cause depression. In addition, some medications can cause or worsen depression.

Just struggling with illness, disability, or a serious diagnosis like cancer can make someone more prone to suffering from depression. And numerous studies have shown that loneliness, which can be a common experience for seniors, also increases the risk for depression.

What Happens if Depression Isn’t Treated?

No matter how or why depression starts, it can have negative consequences if untreated. Just like depression can be caused by other medical conditions, depression itself can cause other medical problems. These include chronic pain, diabetes, cognitive decline, heart disease, gastrointestinal problems, and even osteoporosis and autoimmune disease.4

The most serious consequence of depression is suicide. In the United States, suicide is the 10th leading cause of death.5 Out of these deaths, around 18% are seniors, even though seniors are only 12% of the total population.6 For this reason alone, it is essential to pay attention to the symptoms of depression and to seek help if they are present.

It’s important to recognize that due to stigma and misinformation, an older person may minimize their depression, or avoid seeking treatment. One study found that 56% of older adults surveyed hadn’t sought medical treatment for their depression and 82% said they were “unlikely or extremely unlikely” to do so.7

Because depression is very treatable, if you recognize the symptoms discussed above, there are steps you can take to help avoid the possible complications of this mental illness.

What to Do About Depression

If you’ve identified depression symptoms in yourself or someone you love, the first step to take is to discuss it with your doctor. Once they have ruled out any medical problems that could be causing symptoms, they may refer you to a psychologist or psychiatrist for further treatment.

Keep in mind that a person suffering from depression may be unable to plan or follow through with a doctor’s appointment. Severe depression can limit a person’s ability to perform basic self-care and daily tasks, much less address more complex needs. It can help to have another person involved in setting up appointments. This person can also join in meetings with healthcare providers. Having encouragement from someone familiar with the plan for treating the person’s depression can be helpful, too.

Treating depression can involve medication, therapy, and self-care strategies. These are some of the suggestions your medical team might make:

Psychotherapy

Also called “talk therapy,” this involves meeting with a licensed therapist, often either a social worker or psychologist. During each session, time is spent processing thoughts and emotions and practicing new ways to manage them. It is helpful if the therapist specializes in treating older adults with mental health concerns.

Medication

Antidepressants are the type of medication that is used to treat depression. They can work very well to relieve symptoms, because they help with the brain chemicals that affect mood. It is important to remember when taking antidepressants that it can take at least 2 weeks, and sometimes more, for the medication to fully take effect. It’s also very important to take them daily and not miss doses.

If you’ve been using an antidepressant as prescribed for several weeks and still struggle with symptoms of depression, talk to your doctor. Sometimes it can take a few tries to find the right medication dosage and fit for each person. A psychiatrist who specializes in treatment for depression may offer other suggestions. You can ask your doctor about a referral to see one.

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

This is a treatment that involves stimulating the brain with electricity. It is used for depression that is severe and hasn’t improved with medication and therapy. It works very quickly and is known to be very safe and effective in improving severe depression symptoms. The main drawbacks are that it requires regular treatment appointments that are time-consuming. And it requires someone to drive the person home afterward due to the sedation used during the procedure. It can also cause confusion and memory loss, which are usually short-term.

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)

A newer therapy, rTMS uses magnetic pulses to stimulate nerve cells in the part of the brain that impacts mood and depression. Like ECT, it is proven safe and effective in improving severe depression symptoms and is used when medication and therapy have failed. It also requires regular visits for treatments over a period of time but does not involve sedation.

Along with the above medical treatments, there are self-care strategies you can implement that can help with depression. These include:

Stay active– physical activity is proven to help with depression. A friend or family member who is willing to be an exercise buddy can help.

Consider ways to address loneliness. Adopting a pet, involving family in activities, and considering in-home caregivers can bring more interaction to someone who is depressed.

Eat healthy. A good diet and the right vitamin supplementation can help support a healthier mood. You can discuss with your doctor what is safe to take with your current medications and whether there are any lab tests they recommend, such as B12 and vitamin D levels.

Music and art can be therapy, too. In fact, some therapists use music or art to address depression symptoms. But playing your favorite songs or expressing yourself creatively can be a great mood booster.

Lastly, if a person is actively contemplating suicide and is in crisis, don’t hesitate to call 911 or go to the nearest emergency room. You can also reach out to the National Suicide Prevention Hotline at 988. This number is available 24/7 and accepts both calls and texts.

Knowledge is Power When it Comes to Depression

A big part of the battle in treating depression successfully is talking about it openly and recognizing the symptoms. By understanding what depression is and how it can be treated, you can help erase misconceptions and social stigma about this disease. For seniors with depression, the treatments discussed above can be highly successful in improving their quality of life.

If you’re involved in caring for a senior who struggles with loneliness and physical limitations that make everyday functioning difficult, their risk for depression can be a big worry. Considering in-home care can be a great support, thanks to the companionship and help a caregiver can provide. Caregivers can provide regular services or just visit for respite care, which helps caregivers avoid burnout and depression too. To find out how Caresify can meet this need, you can read more here, or call 888-799-5007.

References

30Mar, 2022

Why Companionship Matters: Staying Connected With Others

Now more than ever, social isolation is a major concern, especially for older Americans who may live alone. The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the concerns and complications related to loneliness and lack of companionship. What are the negative effects of isolation and what can be done about it?

Who is at Risk For Loneliness?

According to one study, ⅓ of adults 45 and older report loneliness, and ¼ of adults age 65 and older are socially isolated.1 There are many reasons this can happen. As people get older, social connections naturally change. This can be family changes such as people moving away for work or to start their own families. Friends and even spouses sometimes pass away as they age.

And changes to someone’s physical health can create barriers to visiting family and friends that are close by. Struggling with mobility and fear of falling, or with vision changes that make driving unsafe, can limit the ability to leave the house. Problems with incontinence, hearing loss, and memory can feel embarrassing and lead to avoiding social situations. Just feeling unwell can stop someone from interacting with others. Immigrants, who may face language barriers and limited long-term social connections, and LGBTQ populations facing discrimination and stigma, are also at greater risk for loneliness. 2

The Impacts of Isolation and Loneliness

The effects of this loss of connection to other people are significant. Humans are naturally social creatures and need meaningful interaction. This is reflected in several facts linked with the impacts of isolation and loneliness:

In one study, adults 60 and older who reported loneliness had a 45% increased risk of death, and a 59% increased risk of mental and physical decline 3
Social isolation can result in a 50% higher risk of dementia4
Loneliness and social isolation is associated with a higher risk of heart disease and stroke 5
One study estimated that 1 in 5 cases of depression in older people could be prevented by reducing loneliness6
Loneliness may weaken the immune system and make people more prone to illness and infection7

It’s worth noting this can even happen when someone does not live alone, depending on the dynamic of the relationship with the person they live with. For example, there can be conflict in the relationship, or a family member may still work many hours and be unavailable much of the time. In one study, 43% of older adults surveyed said they felt lonely, but only 18% of those same adults reported living alone.8 So, a person does not have to be completely isolated to experience the negative effects of a lack of meaningful connection to others.

How to Combat Loneliness and Social Isolation

Research shows that people who are part of meaningful social activities that give them a sense of purpose have improved mood, well being, may live longer and even have improved cognitive function.9

There are several things you can do to combat social isolation and loneliness:

Invest in Hobbies

Staying involved in hobbies is a great activity that can not only build connections with others but also keep you active. Many of these can be done by joining a group activity, like a book club, being part of a community garden, playing games like chess or card games, and more. These are all great outlets to keep you occupied and social.

Adopt a Pet

Aside from the simple fact that having a pet means you have a guaranteed live-in companion, and physical contact with another living being, it is also often a chance to bridge the gap with other people, too. Having a pet means chances to do things like getting out for walks, going to the pet store, and common ground for conversation with other pet owners. Having the regular routines that go along with caring for a pet is good for motivation and staying busy, too.

Join a Church

If religion is important to you, belonging to a church can be a great source of support and social engagement. Along with opportunities to participate in activities outside your home, it’s a way to meet other like-minded people. And many seniors find they receive support from their church at times they need it most, as other members may offer hands-on help with activities that they have difficulty doing on their own. A church can also be a great place to be a part of activities like a choir, or volunteer opportunities.

Volunteer for a Cause

Speaking of volunteering, this is another excellent activity for social interaction, especially if you are retired and have more free time. Some seniors enjoy volunteering to teach a class or mentor a young student in a subject they have expertise in. Others get involved in charities related to causes that are important to them. The possibilities in this area are limitless!

Learn Something New

Maybe there’s a skill that you always wanted to master when life was more hectic. Group classes can be a great way to finally take up that skill, feel a sense of accomplishment, and meet some people doing it. Some people enjoy learning a new craft or taking up a fun activity like dance lessons. It can be a great way to have quality time with a good friend or a family member who might want to join in, too.

Reach Out to Friends and Family

Sometimes, a barrier to connecting with friends and family is just a lack of communication and a fear of causing inconvenience. Your loved ones can’t know what kind of struggles you might be facing unless you reach out. Once you have shared this, it is easier to make plans. For example, if getting out of the house is hard, a game night in with takeout dinner delivery might be the best option.

Also, if health issues are interfering with your ability to socialize, asking a trusted friend or family member to come with you to discuss these problems with your doctor can help. Not only will they be more familiar with the challenges you are facing, but they can be an extra set of ears and can advocate for you on ways to improve your health.

Consider Home Care

If your mobility is limited, and your family is not always able to help you get around, home care can be a great option to not only keep you more engaged with everyday tasks and activities, but also for companionship. Many people find that they build a close connection with a regular caregiver or caregivers who become like family!

You’re Important and Deserve Connection

Sometimes, loneliness and isolation can become overwhelming. The Institute on Aging (IOA) offers a 24/7 toll-free crisis Friendship Line, staffed by trained volunteers, to people 60 years and older. This is the only nationwide program in the US that is specially designed for depressed, isolated, frail, and/or suicidal older adults. The number is 800-971-0016.

By being proactive about building connections in the ways listed above, you can avoid loneliness and social isolation and positively impact your health and longevity. Even in situations where mobility and other problems may limit your ability to leave home, there are ways to have meaningful connections and companionship.

If you would like to learn more about home care as an option to avoid isolation and improve your ability to do everyday activities, our caregivers are only a phone call away. You can learn more about Caresify’s services here, or call 888-799-5007.

References

18Mar, 2022

What to Expect After a Parkinson’s Diagnosis

Parkinson’s disease: it’s a medical condition you’ve probably heard of. You may not have expected to be personally affected by it, though. If you’ve had a recent diagnosis, or are supporting a loved one who has, you may have many questions and concerns. What can you expect with Parkinson’s disease? How can you manage it better? Can you still have a good quality of life?

Let’s begin with the basics. What exactly is Parkinson’s disease and what symptoms might you experience?

Parkinson’s Disease 101

Parkinson’s disease has its origins in the brain. Scientists don’t know exactly why, but nerve cells in the brain that produce a chemical called dopamine are affected in Parkinson’s. Dopamine is a chemical your body needs to help control movement, among other things. So when these nerve cells die, and less dopamine is produced, people experience symptoms such as:

Poor balance
Tremors (shaking)
Stiffness
Difficulty walking
Trouble with coordination
Mental changes, such as memory difficulties
Difficulty with speech
Depression
Sleep problems

Parkinson’s disease affects 50% more men than women, and most often begins after age 60, though it can have early onset before the age of 50. 1

The 5 Stages of Parkinson’s Disease

Although not everyone with Parkinson’s will experience all the symptoms listed above, there are some patterns that the disease tends to follow. Different people will progress through these stages at different rates, and usually, this happens slowly over a period of time.

Stage One

During this stage, symptoms are mild. Everyday activities are not interrupted by these symptoms, which can include tremors, stiffness, and movement problems. These issues happen only on one side of the body.

Stage Two

Symptoms now affect both sides of the body. The problems with tremors, stiffness (rigidity), and movement may cause trouble with walking and posture. Speech might also be affected. Daily activities are harder to do but can be done independently.

Stage Three

Moving around is slower, and losing balance and falling is much more common. Daily activities are now more challenging, as coordination worsens.

Stage Four

At this stage, daily activities require help from another person. Walking is impossible without support, such as a walker. Symptoms such as slowed movements, tremors, speech difficulty, and others are severe.

Stage Five

Because symptoms are so limiting in this stage, total care is needed for all daily activities. The person is unable to stand by themselves and may not walk. They may be bed-bound or in a wheelchair. Other neurological problems like delusions and hallucinations can also happen.

How to Treat and Manage Parkinson’s

Fortunately, newer treatments in the past few years have improved quality of life for those diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease. The current life expectancy with a diagnosis at age 60 (the average age of diagnosis) is 23.3 years, which is the same as someone who does not have a Parkinson’s diagnosis.2

To maintain quality of life, there are several things you can do:

Medication

There are many medications available to help manage Parkinson’s symptoms. The most common types are designed to increase dopamine and improve neurologic symptoms like tremors and movement problems. Other medications can help these drugs work longer, or treat other Parkinson’s symptoms. The dosages and medications chosen will need to be adjusted as symptoms change. As Parkinson’s advances, changes may also be made to reduce “off” times where the medication stops working in between doses and symptoms return.

Healthy Lifestyle

A good diet is important to staying healthy and strong. Parkinson’s can affect the digestive system and lead to constipation, so a diet high in fiber can combat this. Also, with some Parkinson’s medications, it’s important to avoid high protein meals at the same time that you take your medicine. Along with diet, a regular exercise program can help with strength and balance. Some people find that yoga is helpful, for example.

Physical, Occupational, and Speech Therapies

These types of therapy focus on helping with movement and speech difficulties that can arise with Parkinson’s. A physical therapist can help with balance and walking, an occupational therapist can teach strategies for improving fine motor problems like small tasks done with your hands, and a speech therapist can help you work around any speech problems.

Deep Brain Stimulation

This is a surgical procedure where a device is implanted that stimulates certain areas of the brain to help control tremors and motor (movement) symptoms. Deep brain stimulation can be very helpful in controlling “off” symptoms that happen when your medication wears off. It can also mean less medication is needed. In studies, 6 months after the procedure motor symptoms improved 41%, and overall quality of life improved by 25%.3

Recruit a Team

Never underestimate how much a good support team can help with your quality of life! That team starts with you and can include your family members, your primary doctor, a nurse case manager and/or social worker, physical, occupational, and speech therapists, and a nutritionist. It can also include specialists, like a movement disorder physician, neuropsychologist, and psychologist. As Parkinson’s symptoms progress, having a home care service for help with activities of daily living and walking safely without falls, can allow you to stay at home despite any limitations you may have.

Parkinson’s Doesn’t Have to Define Who You Are

The advances in Parkinson’s treatment and care since the disease was first identified means that people can continue to be independent for longer and do the things they enjoy with fewer symptoms. Continued research is underway to further treat and even cure Parkinson’s disease. Many patients have enrolled in clinical trials and find that new treatments being studied right now continue to improve their quality of life. And the above strategies will help you manage Parkinson’s symptoms so they are less disruptive.

If you have more advanced Parkinson’s and would benefit from caregiver visits to help you live your best life at home, Caresify’s professional and experienced home care services are available. We’ll work with you to develop a plan of care that defies the ordinary and meets your care needs in the most effective way. You can read more on our home page, or call 888-799-5007.

References

10Mar, 2022

When Memory Fails: How to Help with Dementia at Home

Although dementia can be a challenging diagnosis to manage, it doesn’t need to be overwhelming with the right information and support. There are many ways you can give or receive the kind of care that allows for a longer, healthier, happier life even with memory issues. To meet these goals, we’ll discuss several ways you can make things easier and safer at home.

Common Dementia Symptoms

Dementia is a leading health concern for aging Americans. Chances are, you have had dementia touch your life personally, either by knowing someone with the diagnosis or maybe even through your own diagnosis. In the United States, 5 million people have a diagnosis of dementia, and this number is expected to double by 2060.1

The most common types of dementia diagnosed are Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia- up to 90% of cases.2

Many symptoms are similar between the different types of dementia. Some common ones you may notice include:

Memory loss (especially short term memory)
Becoming disoriented to time and place (getting lost or forgetting the year, for example)
Mood and behavior changes (such as mood swings, and aggression)
Difficulty with doing everyday tasks (such as confusion with how to dress, or cook)
Difficulty with language (forgetting words, not being able to follow conversations)
Poor judgment, reasoning, or problem-solving skills (for example, going outdoors in shorts and no coat in the middle of winter)
Loss of ability to plan and organize (perhaps forgetting to pay bills, or losing important items more frequently)
Withdrawing from hobbies and social activities (such as sleeping more, or just sitting in front of the TV)
Hallucinations and paranoia (someone seeing things that aren’t there or believing they’re being tricked when they aren’t, for example)

How to Support Someone with Dementia

If you or your loved one has received a dementia diagnosis, there are ways to help. It starts with expert care from your doctor, which can include medications that can help decrease memory issues (at least for a while). But beyond that, you’ll want to know how to manage day-to-day life so you or your loved one can stay independent for as long as possible and maintain dignity and quality of life.

To do this, staying at home for as long as possible is often the first goal that comes to mind. One Johns Hopkins University study on dementia care at home found that this kind of care led to fewer unmet care needs and increased quality of life. 3

So what are some key steps to take when caring for someone with dementia at home?

1. Use memory tools

There are many simple tricks you can use to help someone remember important things. Just establishing a daily routine can help keep someone better on track. You can create a visual task list with pictures and hang it up, with each step of the day in order. Calendars with important reminders are helpful. A digital assistant can verbally alert someone that it’s time for a meal or to take medications. There are also pill keepers that alarm as a reminder to take medications. These types of tools can help with organization when memory is failing.

2. Focus on home safety

Making the home environment safer for someone with dementia is important. Wandering and confusion can lead to falls, so keeping the home free of clutter and trip hazards should be considered. Installing grab bars in bathrooms is a good idea, too. Consider door and window alarms in cases where worsening symptoms might lead to someone wandering outside of the home and getting lost. Cameras can help caregivers monitor for unsafe behavior while allowing someone to move around freely. Auto-shutoff appliances and timers or outlet devices can prevent things like stoves from being left on accidentally.

3. Provide visual cues

Extra visual reminders can go a long way in helping with daily activities. For example, labeling things can jog someone’s memory about where to put groceries on a shelf, or which door leads to a bathroom. You can label where common items are kept, too. Use pictures for silverware drawers, and for cabinets containing plates and bowls. Drawing pictures of place settings on a placemat might help with setting the table. Laying out clothes for the day makes choosing them easier.

4. Break down tasks and keep them simple

We don’t often think about all the little steps that can go into something that seems simple, like getting dressed. Dementia can make all these steps confusing. To help with this, breaking a large task into several smaller ones can help. Think about making a sandwich. Having the ingredients out and the bread on a plate keeps the task simpler. Then the steps can be directed one at a time: put mayonnaise on the bread, put the meat on the sandwich, and so on, all the way through sitting at the table with the sandwich, and eating the sandwich. Without reassurance and guidance, someone who is feeling confused may not be able to do the task. With it, they can do the parts they are still able to, stay more engaged, and feel accomplished.

5. Consider a care coordinator

Using a memory care coordinator or a nurse case manager to help you organize your care at home can make a big difference. They can review medications, daily activities, safety concerns, co-existing medical problems, and future needs. In the Johns Hopkins University’s “Maximizing Independence (MIND) at Home” trial which studied the use of care coordinators, dementia patients who had this service experienced significant benefits. They were much less likely to need to leave their homes, or to die, than those who didn’t have the services (30 percent versus 45.6 percent), and overall they stayed in their homes longer.4 You can ask your healthcare provider about care coordination. They may provide this service through their organization or can refer you to another organization that provides it, such as the Alzheimer’s Association.

6. Don’t be afraid to ask for help

There are many ways to get help with everyday living. Meal delivery services, some of them covered by subsidies (such as Meals on Wheels), can reduce the need to plan or cook food. Groceries and other needed items can be ordered and delivered, too. Adult day centers provide social opportunities and entertainment in a safe and supervised setting. Home care services can offer assistance with many activities of daily living from companionship to meal prep and light housekeeping.

Living at Home With Dementia is Possible

As you can see, it is possible to stay at home and remain engaged in life despite a dementia diagnosis. This is an important part of dementia care, because involving a person in their care and decisions, and valuing the independence of being at home has a huge impact on quality of life. Also, keeping the home environment consistent, and familiar people present in a person’s life, can help with anxiety and confusion. Because of this, staying at home as long as possible is clearly a beneficial choice.

If you’d like to use home care services as an option to help you stay home longer and to provide a break for family caregivers, such as with respite care, Caresify’s professional caregivers are available to help you with a personalized plan of care. You can learn more about us on our website, or call 888-799-5007.

References

9Mar, 2022

How to Prevent Falls at Home: A Complete Guide

If mobility, balance, and strength are concerns for you or your loved one, falling is a very real fear. Being able to safely move around your home for daily activities is something you need to be able to do. We’ll talk about ways you can prevent falls and increase your safety in this detailed guide

Falls are a Common Problem

For adults 65 and older, falls are a common event. In the United States, 1 in 4 adults in this age group (28%) report falling each year, with 37% of those who fell reporting an injury.1 In fact, according to the World Health Organization, falls are the second leading cause of unintentional injury deaths worldwide.2

Of these falls, 60% occur at home, according to a Weill Cornell Medical College expert on falls.3

When someone falls and has an injury, these are some possible outcomes:

Broken bones, such as hip fractures
Head injuries, including traumatic brain injuries (TBI)
Dislocated joints
Soft tissue injuries (cuts, abrasions, and bruises)
Spinal cord damage

Especially for older adults, hip fractures and head injuries can have serious consequences. According to the CDC, 95% of hip fractures are due to falls and traumatic brain injuries are most often caused by falling.4 And some studies show that as many as 50% of people with hip fractures die within 6 months.5 For those with traumatic brain injuries, falls most often were the cause that led to death.6

Why Do Falls Happen?

There are two main reasons people fall. The first is called “intrinsic factors”- anything about the person themselves that increases their risk of falling. The second is called “extrinsic factors”- anything external or in the environment around them that increases their risk of falling.

Intrinsic (physical) causes of falls include:

Weakness and loss of balance
Vision problems
Problems related to health conditions, like neuropathy which makes your feet numb
Pain when moving around, such as arthritis pain
Medication side effects
Confusion
Trouble knowing when you need to use the restroom, or having sudden urges and needing to rush to the bathroom
A combination of any of the above problems

Extrinsic (environmental) causes of falls include:

Poor footwear choices
Slippery floors and surfaces or throw rugs that move easily
Clutter around the house
Bad lighting
Home hazards like uneven surfaces, broken steps, or missing/loose handrails

How Can You Reduce Risk of Falling?

As you can see, it is a big priority to reduce the risk of falling because it can lead to serious consequences. And, even if one fall doesn’t result in an injury, it increases the risk of falling again.7 Also, older adults who fall are often very afraid of falling again, and stop doing activities they enjoyed, which leads to more health problems.

To reduce the risk of falling, there are some tips you can follow:

1. Use the right tools for walking safely

This includes wearing properly secured, well-fitting shoes (no floppy slippers or untied shoelaces), and using a cane or walker for support if you have weakness or balance problems. If needed, a wheelchair or motorized scooter can get you safely from one place to another without walking.

2. Make the bathroom safer

Adding grab bars to the bathtub, toilet and shower area can help steady someone. Bath mats should be non-slip and included inside the tub or shower. A shower chair allows someone with weakness or poor balance to remain seated while showering. Installing a handheld shower sprayer reduces the need to stand or turn while showering.

3. Remove trip hazards

Look around the home for anything that can cause someone to trip. Keep in mind that for some seniors, trouble walking means they are barely lifting their feet. Area rugs and throw rugs can cause uneven walking surfaces that feet can snag on. Extension cords across an open floor are a big hazard. Clutter should be picked up.

4. Improve stair safety

Check any stairs for loose handrails or broken steps. Make sure all stairs are cleared of trip hazards. If there aren’t treads or carpet, consider installing one of these non-slip surfaces or adding safety tape. Painting a different color on each step can help a senior with vision trouble see each step more clearly. If stairs are becoming unmanageable, moving to a downstairs bedroom or installing a chairlift may be the best option.

5. Reduce the amount of furniture in the house

Lots of tight corners or squeezes between crowded furniture can be difficult to navigate if you have trouble walking. If furniture is creating an obstacle course, it can help to clear the path from room to room by removing excess pieces of furniture. The simpler the better!

6. Improve lighting

Between a decrease in vision and a possible increase in needing to use the restroom at night, many falls happen in poorly lit areas. Add nightlights to hallways and darker areas of the home. Some of these are activated by low light conditions. Making sure easy-to-reach light switches and lamps are in every room can help, too.

7. Keep up with doctor’s visits

Any health conditions, such as bowel and bladder problems, uncontrolled blood pressure, heart conditions, breathing difficulty, vertigo, etc. that aren’t being treated by a doctor should be tended to. It’s also important to discuss any medication side effects with your doctor right away. They may be able to reduce the side effects or change to a different medication.

8. Stay as active as possible

The less someone moves their body, the weaker they become. Even short walks every day can help with endurance. If walking and transferring from one place to another (like from a bed to a chair) is difficult, using a walker or cane to do it as often as you can tolerate will be safer and keep you from getting weaker.

9. Get help walking

Family caregivers who can give you an arm to lean on and walk with you are a great added safety measure. If you have a lot of trouble with walking, always having someone with you may be the safest choice. This doesn’t have to mean a family member is always with you, either. A caregiver from a home care agency can be available to offer ambulation (walking) assistance, too.

Less Falls Equals Better Health and More Independence

By following the tips discussed above, you can greatly reduce the risk of falls in your home. In the long term, this reduces your risk for health complications and loss of independence. It is possible to get around your home safely without injury- it just requires some extra attention to details, being realistic about your limitations, and asking for help when you need extra support.

If you feel having a professional caregiver in your home could reduce your risk of falls and give you more independence, Caresify is a great resource for trained caregivers who understand safe ambulation assistance. You can check out our homepage for more information, or contact us at 888-799-5007.

References

27Feb, 2022

Why Use Home Care? A Guide for Individuals and Families

Most of us take everyday activities and tasks for granted. Meeting basic needs like shopping, cooking, cleaning, and personal hygiene are something we don’t give much thought to- until it becomes a big challenge for ourselves or someone we love.

Adults with disabilities, people with chronic (long term) health conditions, or older adults with challenges due to aging, may all struggle with their own care. If you only consider people who are 65 and older, the US Census Bureau reports this group is growing at a rapid pace.¹ This is especially true as baby boomers age. And it means the number of older adults that may have personal care challenges is growing, too. Odds are, you are an older adult yourself or love someone who is.

If you or your loved one are struggling with daily care activities, you may have heard about home care and are asking yourself the question “Why would I need home care services?” .

To answer this question, it’s helpful to first understand what home care is- and what it isn’t.

What is home care?

Home care is non-medical care for people who need help with daily activities. This includes:

● Bathing & dressing

● Light housekeeping

● Bathroom assistance

● Transportation

● Meal prep

● Companionship

● Help with safe ambulation (walking)

Home care is NOT:

● Home health care (medical services in the home)

● Medication administration

● Nursing care

● Wound care

● Rehabilitation services (such as physical therapy)

● Any other services that treat a health condition

Impacts of disability, health issues, and aging

Disability, illness, injury, and age can all impact our bodies and quality of life. A person might have less strength and endurance, or may suffer from stiff joints and poor balance. Memory and/or the ability to think clearly can be impaired, and vision and hearing can worsen.

The things most of us do easily, like buttoning a shirt or lifting a foot to tie a shoe, might be really hard to do, or even impossible. Standing for a long time, for example while cooking a meal, may be too much to manage. Bending and lifting to clean one’s own home may be painful and tiring. Driving isn’t safe. Bathing and even using the bathroom can be dangerous if balance issues and trouble walking are a concern. In fact, in people who are age 65 or older, falls are the leading cause of injury or death.²

If a person facing these problems is lucky enough to live with family that can help them with daily activities, there still may be times when they are alone. Their families often find themselves scrambling to fill gaps in care while juggling other responsibilities. Aging spouses may have care needs themselves, or struggle to keep up with caring for their loved one.

All of this is sometimes made even harder by the fact that 28% of older adults live alone.³ And in the aging population, 1 in 6 are childless.⁴

So where does home care fit in?

With all of the above examples, home care can ease the struggle. This valuable service provides much more than just basic help with daily needs and tasks. It also makes quality of life better in many ways. Being able to stay in your own home when you have limitations has many benefits.

These include enjoying the familiarity and comfort of a person’s own home and belongings, instead of having the disruption of moving into a facility. For many older adults, staying in their own homes- known as “aging in place”- is an important goal.⁵ And keeping routines and surroundings the same especially helps people with memory issues.⁶

Receiving care at home also means a person is close to the conveniences and community that they may have been a part of for years. They can have visits with their friends more easily, and maybe even attend the same church they always have.

Activities such as shopping and personal care- like a trip to the hair salon- can be done at the businesses they know and are comfortable with.

It’s also worth considering that the risk of contagious diseases could be lower at home than in a care facility.⁷ This has especially been highlighted by the COVID-19 pandemic.

A home caregiver can help with all of the above activities, while providing companionship and safety for the people receiving their care. All of this helps preserve as much independence and dignity as possible in spite of any limitations.

Better Living With Home Care

So, to review, home care can help you or your loved one if:

● You need help with daily activities like shopping, cooking, bathing and getting around

● You want to reduce risk of falls, injury, and illness

● You want to stay in your own home

● You need respite care

For all these reasons, home care offers a chance to live the best life possible, with extra helping hands and companionship to meet your everyday needs.

References

1. https://www.census.gov/library/publications/2018/acs/acs-38.html
2. https://www.cdc.gov/injury/features/older-adult-falls/index.html
3. https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/geriatrics/social-issues-in-older-adults/older-adults-living-alone
4. https://www.census.gov/library/publications/2021/demo/p70-173.html
5. https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/aging-place-growing-older-home
6. https://alzheimersproject.org/the-importance-of-routine-and-familiarity-to-persons-with-dementia/
7. https://academic.oup.com/cid/article/36/7/870/318878
Photo by National Cancer Institute on Unsplash

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